Browsing by Author "ALFRED-ABAM, Fubara Edmund"

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    Development of Dual-Band E-Patch Microstrip Antenna Using Perturbation and Full-Wave Matching for Wireless Local Area Network Application
    (Bells University of Technology, 2021-08-12) ALFRED-ABAM, Fubara Edmund; Prof. R.I Salawu
    Transmission and reception of signals are associated with antennas which are transducers for either radiating or receiving Electromagnetic (EM) waves. However, a single Microstrip Patch Antenna (MS) exhibits inherent narrow impedance bandwidth which restricts faster communication throughput. This study aimed at developing a dual-band E-patch microstrip antenna using perturbation and full-wave matching for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) application. It examined how the antenna design targets the center operating frequencies of 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz for possible range and speed. The transmission line and the full-wave models were employed to analyze the patch antenna and attain the associated input impedance Driving Point Function (DPF) for matching characteristics. This approach was used to quantify the reduction in reflections for improved Radio Frequency (RF) network output. Also, the antenna impedance bandwidth was then compared for the simulated and the fabricated models based on the reflection coefficient. The dimension of the antenna width and length was 31 mm by 25 mm, in which rectangular slots were etched on the patch surface with the possibility of varying the designed slots and feed to attain optimal performance. A 1.5 mm thick Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Flame Retardant 4 (FR4) substrate, with a loss tangent of 0.02 was terminated with a subminiature version A (SMA) connector and a 50 S coaxial cable. A parametric analysis was carried out by using an Advanced Design System (ADS) full-wave simulation tool, on the other hand, the fabricated antenna was tested using a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) based on Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), bandwidth, and return loss (Si) performance indices. The results showed that the antenna Si, at the resonating frequencies were - 40 dB and - 35 dB for the simulated lower and higher bands, respectively while the corresponding values obtained for the fabricated model were - 36 dB and - 31 dB. This represents the desired value of the reflected signal based on IBEE Std. 149, having an associated VSWR of less than 2. The obtained EM radiation and antenna efficiencies were 97% and 94%, respectively which justify a properly matched antenna. The results further revealed an impedance bandwidth of 31% and a nearly omnidirectional radiation pattern with a peak directivity and gain of 7.4 dBi and 3 Bi demonstrating a satisfactory radiation property. The lower resonant frequency of the design was 2.4 GHz with a bandwidth of 120 MHz, ranging from 2.35 GHz to 2.47 GHz, while the higher resonant frequency was 5.8 GHz with a bandwidth of 260 MHz ranging from 5.63 GHz to 5.89 GHz signifying a wideband feature. The significance of the E-patch antenna design is that it can contribute to a simultaneous dual-broadband radiation mode useful for high-performance wireless communication with less noise interference, having a forward compatibility with recent Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) technology.